THE SIDDIQUI ACADEMY

  Here is some information about four countries. Based on this information, how would you classify each of these countries? Write ‘democratic’, ‘undemocratic’ or ‘not sure’ against each of these. Country P: The parliament cannot pass a law about the army without the consent of the Chief of the Army. Country Q: The parliament cannot pass a law reducing the powers of the judiciary. Country R: The country’s leaders cannot sign any treaty with another country without taking permission from its neighbouring country. Country S: All the major economic decisions about the country are taken by officials of the central bank, which the ministers cannot change. Answer. Country P: Undemocratic Country Q: Democratic Country R: Undemocratic Country S: Undemocratic 3. Which of these is not a good argument in favour of democracy? Why? People feel free and equal in a democracy. Democracies resolve conflict in a better way than others. Democratic government is more accountable to the people. Democrac...

  1. Multiple choice questions. (i) Which one of the following types of resource is iron ore? (a) Renewable (b) Biotic (c) Flow (d) Non-renewable Answer: Non-renewable (ii) Under which of the following type of resources can tidal energy not be put? (a) Replenishable (b) Human-made (c) Abiotic (d) Non-recyclable Answer: Replenishable (iii) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab? (a) Intensive cultivation (b) Deforestation (c) Over-irrigation (d) Overgrazing Answer: Over-irrigation (iv) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised? (a) Punjab (b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh (c) Haryana (d) Uttarakhand Answer: Uttarakhand (v) In which of the following states is black soil predominantly found? (a) Jammu and Kashmir (b) Maharashtra (c) Rajasthan (d) Jharkhand Answer: Maharashtra 2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words . (i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it. Answer: 3 states a...

  1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. (i) The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through (a) Rajasthan (b) Odisha (c) Chhattisgarh (d) Tripura (ii) The easternmost longitude of India is (a) 97° 25′ E (b) 68° 7′ E (c) 77° 6′ E (d) 82° 32′ E (iii) Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim have common frontiers with (a) China (b) Bhutan (c) Nepal (d) Myanmar (iv) If you intend to visit Kavarati during your summer vacations, which one of the following Union Territories of India will you be going to (a) Puducherry (b) Lakshadweep (c) Andaman and Nicobar (d) Daman and Diu (v) My friend hails from a country which does not share a land boundary with India. Identify the country. (a) Bhutan (b) Tajikistan (c) Bangladesh (d) Nepal Answer: (i)  The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through –  (b) Odisha . (ii)  The easternmost longitude of India is  – (a) 97° 25′ E . (iii)  Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikki...

  Which groups of French society benefited from the revolution? Which groups were forced to relinquish power? Which sections of society would have been disappointed with the outcome of the revolution? Answer: French society was divided into 3 estates. The third estate benefitted the most. The third estate consisted of Peasants, artisans, Small peasants, landless labour, servants, big businessmen, merchants, court officials, lawyers etc.  The groups that were forced to relinquish power were the people belonging to the 1st and 2nd estate. These people had enjoyed certain privileges by birth. With the revolution, the people in 1st and 2nd estate lost their privileges. Because inequality was one of the root causes of the revolution, the revolution tried to bring equality to society. Draw up a list of democratic rights we enjoy today whose origins could be traced to the French Revolution. Answer: The list of democratic rights are Freedom of speech Freedom of expression Freedom of p...

  Why did Lencho say the raindrops were like ‘new coins’? Answer: Lencho compared the raindrops to ‘new coins’ – the big drops as ten-cent pieces and the little ones as fives. As his crops were ready for harvest, he hoped that the rains would bring him prosperity; so he felt the raindrops were like ‘new coins’. Question 4: What were Lencho’s feelings when the hail stopped? Answer: After the hailstones stopped, Lencho’s soul was filled with grief and dismay. He realised that everything was ruined by the hailstorm and nothing was left to feed his family for the entire year. He could visualize the bleak future of his family. Who read the letter? Answer: The postmaster read Lencho’s letter addressed to God. Who or what did Lencho have faith in? What did he do? Answer: Lencho had a strong faith in God. He believed that God’s eyes see everything, even what is deep in one’s conscience. Hence, he wrote a letter to God citing that he needed a hundred pesos to sow his field that was destroye...

  1. Development of a country can generally be determined by its per capita income its average literacy level health status of its people all of the above Answer:  d. all of the above 2. Which of the following neighbouring countries has better performance in terms of human development than India? Bangladesh Sri Lanka Nepal Pakistan Answer:  b. Sri Lanka 3. Assume there are four families in a country. The average per capita income of these families is Rs. 5000. If the income of three families is Rs. 4,000, Rs. 7,000 and Rs. 3,000, respectively, what is the income of the fourth family? Rs. 7,500 Rs. 3,000 Rs. 2,000 Rs. 6,000 Answer:  d. Rs. 6,000 (4000+7000+3000+x) ÷ 4 = 5000 14000+x = 5000 × 4 x = 20000-14000 x = 6000 In what respects is the criterion used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the World Bank? Answer:  The criterion used by UNDP is different from the one used by the World Bank because UNDP compares countries based on...

  What are the different forms of power-sharing in modern democracies? Give an example of each of these. Answer. There are different forms of power-sharing in modern democracies. They are given below: Horizontal distribution of power – Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. Example: India The federal division of power – Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. Example: India (Union Government and State Governments) Community government – Power may also be shared among different social groups, such as religious and linguistic groups. Example: Belgium Power-sharing between political parties, pressure groups and movements – Such competition ensures that power does not remain in one hand. In the long run, power is shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and social groups....

  What changes did Napoleon introduce to make the administrative system more efficient in the territories ruled by him? Answer: The Civil Code of 1804 – usually known as the Napoleonic Code – did away with all the privileges based on birth, established equality before the law and secured the right to property. This Code was exported to the regions under French control. In the Dutch Republic, in Switzerland, in Italy and Germany, Napoleon simplified the administrative divisions, abolished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues. In the towns too, guild restrictions were removed. Transport and communication systems were improved. Peasants, artisans, workers and new businessmen enjoyed new-found freedom. Businessmen and small-scale producers of goods, in particular, began to realise that uniform law, standardised weights and measures, and a common national currency would facilitate the movement and exchange of goods and capital from one region to another. E...

  1. A solution of a substance, ‘X,’ is used for whitewashing. (i) Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula. (ii) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X’ named in (i) above with water. Solution: i) The substance ‘X’ which is used in whitewashing is quick lime or  Calcium Oxide  and its formula is  CaO . ii) CaO + H 2 O → Ca(OH) 2 Balance the following chemical equations. (a) HNO 3  + Ca(OH) 2  → Ca(NO 3 ) 2  + H 2 O (b) NaOH + H 2 SO 4  → Na 2 SO 4  + H 2 O (c) NaCl + AgNO 3  → AgCl + NaNO 3 (d) BaCl 2  + H 2 SO 4  → BaSO 4  + HCl Solution: (a) 2HNO 3  + Ca(OH) 2  → Ca(NO 3 ) 2  + 2H 2 O (b) 2NaOH + H 2 SO 4  → Na 2 SO 4  + 2H 2 O (c) NaCl + AgNO 3  → AgCl + NaNO 3 (d) BaCl 2  + H 2 SO 4  → BaSO 4  + 2HCl What is meant by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples. Solution: An endothermic reaction occurs when energy is absorbed from the surroundings in the form of ...